California lawmakers have met to consider a new $500 million tax on Internet commerce. Some have dubbed this the “iTax” because of its application to Apple’s iTunes digital music store, but Assemblyman Charles Calderon, D-Whittier, is targeting more than just songs.

This bill received a “reconsideration vote” last month, stalling the measure until supporting votes are found. Nonetheless, this bill is a sign of things to come.

In reality, AB 1956 is a “free speech tax” imposing fees on something most Internet users take for granted: the free and unfettered exchange of ideas.

For 75 years, Californians have paid state sales tax only on “tangible” items, defined by law as “property which may be seen, weighed, measured, felt or touched.” According to Calderon, this is an “industrial-era construct” that no longer applies. The Internet has spurred a revolution in commerce where transactions consist of invisible streams of data bouncing across an interactive online network. Though digital information may not be “tangible,” the legislature, now facing a ballooning $16 billion budget deficit, hopes that these strings of zeros and ones will add up to substantial revenue for state coffers.

Calderon proposes expanding the sales tax beyond “tangible” items to include “electronic transmissions of information.” Under this standard, not only would AB 1956 enable taxation of “digital property” such as downloaded music, movies and e-books, but also regulators could soon scrutinize every revenue-generating activity on the Internet.

By targeting “electronic transmissions,” Calderon discriminates against e-commerce and discourages digital technologies. Why should doctors participate in e-health initiatives if online consultations are taxed while traditional practices are not? Why should schools invest in online courses if students would be hit with a “knowledge tax” on their tuition? Ironically, even e-filing your tax return would incur a tax under AB 1956, whereas paper filing would not.

Calderon’s “free speech tax” not only targets direct transactions between vendors and customers, but also potentially punishes all forms of online communication. Many sites that promote free speech and the open exchange of information are supported by advertising. If California taxes the “electronic transmissions” between Web sites and advertisers, sites could pass on these costs to their users. As a result, innovative free services, such as blogs, social networks, email and online video, might soon be forced to set restrictions and charge for participation. Erecting fences on the Internet would chill one of California’s greatest engines of economic growth.

A study released last month by AeA (formerly the American Electronics Association), the nation’s largest technology trade association, declares California the top “cyberstate.” California boasts more than twice the tech jobs of any state, and these workers earn more than twice the median private-sector income. Successful entrepreneurs and their employees not only pay income tax, but also contribute to local communities and the state economy. If the legislature adopts heavy-handed policies seeking to wrench every penny from the Internet, these innovators will flee California with the state’s thriving tech sector in tow.

To prevent lawmakers from recklessly imposing new taxes without considering the consequences, such bills require support from two-thirds of the legislature. Because AB 1956 cannot meet this burden, Assemblyman Calderon resorted to trickery. Tax hikes require a two-thirds vote, but only a majority is needed to modify definitions in the tax code. Therefore, Calderon camouflaged a $500 million tax as a minor, non-substantive administrative change.

Calderon further amended his bill in March, allowing regulators to act under a veil of secrecy. Once the sales tax can be applied to “electronic transmissions,” AB 1956 gives state bureaucrats nearly unlimited authority to enact new rules. While the public would ordinarily have the right to view and comment, Calderon declares California’s taxing authorities “hereby exempted” from all public accountability.

No lawmaker should operate above the law and beyond the public’s reach. The extraordinary measures taken by Assemblyman Calderon are a testament to his proposal’s unpopularity and a violation of the voters’ trust.

Just as the nation’s founders embraced free speech and let freedom ring, the legislature should reject the “free speech tax” and let data flow.

Daniel R. Ballon is a policy fellow in technology studies at the Pacific Research Institute.